Pravin Kadam tech. blogs

🏠How to protect the building from chemical and environmental attack?🏗 Part 2

Welcome back, friends.

As we have discussed in Part 1👉https://engineerpravinkadam.blogspot.com/2021/04/how-to-protect-building-from-chemical.html?m=1 of this blog about. How environment or Chemicals degrade the building, Effects of chemical on building, How to protect the building from chemical attack? and we done General introduction about the most. effective, economical and user friendly. Solution To protect the building from chemical attack that is AC- DUR- CT (S).

We will discuss more in details about this AC- DUR- CT CS) *Building chemicals* in this blog.

So lets Go.

It is Specially designed Coating having judicious blend of high quality. resin and inert fillers. It is recomended for protection of interior & exterior wooden, Concrete and metal surfaces from environmental and chemical attactk.

🤔Where AC-DUR-CT (S) is useable?

AC-DUR-CT (S) is universally acceptable for all types of Civil Engineering structures. It is ideally suitable for:👇👇👇

👉Underground concrete & bridge insulation coating.

👉Roof waterproofing & its maintenance.

👉Marine structure protection & water proofing. Car park, ramps & road marking.

👉Water purification & ETP plants.

👉Metal & wood protection.

( Labours applying solution coat to concrete)

👉Product is suitable for protection from environmental attacks, micro organisms, termites, pollution and heat.

👉It is useful for furnace area, structural protection, water insulation, ETP and other treatment plants, fuel spillage areas.

🤔How it is advantageous over another chemicals available in market?

The system has following advantages👇👇

👉Super sleep and shiny finish with special anti-fungal formula to provide protection from fungus.

👉Excellent gloss and gloss retention.

👉Excellent colour and colour retention.

👉Excellent flow characteristics to form smooth and uniform finish.

👉Excellent durability.

( Expers checking quality of workmanship # Quality control #)

👉Crack bridging & deep penetrating property.

👉Excellent water proofing & chemical resistance.

👉Excellent adhesion & flexibility.

🤔What is the Procedure for Application of this epoxy coating?

Any construction material is useless until and unless it is use by proper way or apply in work by systematic way.

a) Surface preparation:

Surface should be sound and free from contaminations such as loose particles, oils, fats, lubricants and laitance.

b) Mixing & Application:

In stated proportion resin and hardener should be mixed uniformly. Normally two coats are recommended. The dry film thickness (DFT) should be approximately 80-100 microns per coat.

🤔What are the properties of this AC-DUR-CT (S) ?

Typical Properties

Name : AC-DUR-CT(S)

Form: Two component, ready to use

Colour: Pigmented to limited colours

Mixing Ratio: Resin : Hardener (parts by weight ) ( 9:1 )

Coverage : Approximately 4-5 m2/kg @ 80-150 micron (DFT)

( Checking of Dry film thickness )

Heat Resistance: 120°C for 30 minutes

Drying Time : 3-4 Hours @ 27°C

Pot Life: 4-5 hrs at 27°C

🤔Is this product (AC- DUR- CT (S)) approved by (BIS ) Indian standard ?

👉 AC- DUR- CT (S) 100% approved by Indian standard and this product confirms to 15-9862-1991 and IS-158-1981.

For multiple product like construction chemica and solutions to your questions must visit to 👉http://www.Applechemie.com

👉Also mention your comment about this blog in comment box.

👉Follow me to get auto notification of my latest upcoming blg. Using Blue button 👉👉👉

Keywords # construction # solutions # Chemical # sulfate # attack # civil # engineering # latest # technology # apple # water proofing # environment # Building chemicals. #

MCQ in🌍🌋 Earthquake engineering 🌋Part 2

Welcome back friends, Part 2

As we all know that all the building structures are rest on Earth. For the safety and stability of the structure we need to have some knowledge about Earth and seismology.

Because of that I am here giving mcq questions and answers related to Earth science and seismograph. 👇👇👇 Before starting to this Part I will suggest you Go from part 1

https://engineerpravinkadam.blogspot.com/2021/04/earth-science-for-civil-engineering-1.html

1. Which of the following is the suitable location for the construction of dams in a folded terrain?

(A) Crest of the fold

(B) Trough of the fold

(C) Limbs of the fold

(D) None of these

2. Most suitable rocks for construction of tunneling:

(A) Argillaceous S.st

(B) Vesicular or amygdaloidal basalts

(D) Schist & Phyllite

3. Tunneling _____________ to the fold axis is not at all desirable.

(A) Perpendicular

(B) Parallel

4. Tsunami waves are generated with the earthquake. True or false.

(A) False

(B) True

5. Which is the largest subduction earthquake?

(A)1960 Chile earthquake

(B) 1905 Kangra earthquake

(D)2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake

6. What is the rupture length of 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake?

(A) 500 km

(B) 5000 km

(C) 1200 km

(D) None of these

7. What is the subsidence occurred at Great Nicobar Island due to 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake?

(A) 5 m

(B) 3 m

(D) None of these

8. Abrupt uplift and gentle subsidence are indicative of:

(A) Hat microatoll

(B) Hemispherical coral head

(C) Cup microatoll

(D) Cylindrical coral head

9. Driving force can be increased by:

(A) Decrease in amount of material on slope

(B) Increase in slope angle

(D) None of these

10. Which of the following is not depends on shear strength of the material?

(A) Cohesion

(B) Internal friction

(D) Mass of the material

11. Which one of the following is not an internal factor affects in slope processes?

(A) Lithology of the materials on the slope

(B) Ground water or rain water (run off)

(D) Earthquakes (Tectonic activity)

12. In translational slides, movement _______ to planes of weakness and occasionally _____to slope.

(A) Parallel, parallel

(B) Parallel, perpendicular

(D) Perpendicular, perpendicular

13. ________are defined as free falling fragments of rocks from steep cliff or slope.

(A) Rockfalls

(B) Toppling

(D) Earthflow

14. Subsidence results due to the constant or excess removal of ground water deplete the water table and

increases the area of ____________.

(A) Water table

(B) Ground surface

(D) Vadose zone

15. Which of the following is not one of the channel pattern?

(A) Braided

(B) Narrow

(D) Straight

16. Terraces are remnants of former:

(A) Rivers

(B) Alluvial fans

(C) Floodplains

(D) None of these

17. What type of drainage pattern would you expect to find where the main streams are parallel and very long and the edge of the folded sedimentary rock (weak and resistant) forms long parallel belts?

(A) Dendritic

(B) Rectangular

(D) Trellised

18. Which of the following is not one of the three broad types of channel pattern?

(A) Straight

(B) Serrated

(D) Meandering

19. The volume rate of flow of water at a point in a given time is:

(A) Competence

(B) Viscosity

(C) Discharge

(D) Capacity

20. From which of the following factor has not influence the drainage density:

(A) Climate

(B) Topography

(D) Anthropogenic activity

(E) Vegetation

(F) Geology

👍🌍🌋🌍🌋🌍🌋🌍

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Keywords# civil engineering # seismology # earth # earthquake # fault # science#

Source of information NPTEL

🏠How to protect the building from chemical and environmental attack?🏗

Welcome back friends,

If one question is blinking in your mind that is "Even after great technologies and experts are available Special care is being taken during construction activity then "why the structures get deteriorate?"

If this question is blinking in your mind then you are on the right way of thinking as an engineer and quality construction seeker.

Most of the structural elements in the vorious type of Construction activity loose their Strength due to environmental & chemical and environmental factors. In Simple word "Chemical and environmental attacks".

Now you will ask How'?

We all know that due to Industrialization various industries produces huge amount of waste in the Gas, liquid and Solid form. This waste directly and indirectly present in our environment and here the actual Chemical & environmental attack Starts.

So many process are involved in the process of chemical attack but I will explain here basic concept of chemical attack that is crystalization.

Chemicals like sulfate present in environment enter into concrete from pores or voids present in the surface of concrete and this chemical entrapped into internal voids .

As the time passes this entrapped chemical starts preparing Crystal and this Crystal then develop pressure internally on concrete. As a result we see the cracks on the concrete and this process not happen only in concrete but also in various construction materials by the means of various chemicals and by various ways.

In advance construction practice construction professionals use various surface treatment like chemical coating on surface of building elements to avoid this future unseen Risk of cracking in the structure.

As a effective solution of this Chemical and environmental attack. We will discuss here about Solvent based Coal epoxy Coating system.

It is popularly known as AC-DUR-CT ('s)

It is two Component Solvent based Coal tar epoxy system.

For details about this company 👇👇

http://www.Applechemie.com

A detailed discussion we will do in 2nd part of this blog in which you will get all the details of this epoxy coating system and AC-DUR-CT (S).

Keywords # civil engineering# environment# chemical # attack# science # building # Protection # quality construction #

I am waiting for your response in comment box also follow me to get latest blogs easily...

MCQ in🌍🌋 Earthquake engineering 🌋Part 1

Welcome back friends, Part 1

As we all know that all the building structures are rest on Earth. For the safety and stability of the structure we need to have some knowledge about Earth and seismology.

Because of that I am here giving mcq questions and answers related to Earth science and seismograph. 👇👇👇

1.Which of the following is not categorised under geologic hazard?

(A) Tropical cyclone

(B) Earthquakes

(D) Floods

2. Which one is the 2nd large magnitude earthquake occurred during past 100 yrs?

(A) 2001, Bhuj earthquake

(B) 2004, Sumatra earthquake

(D) 2005, Kashmir earthquake

3. New Zealand is an example of

(A) Convergent plate boundary

(B) Divergent plate boundary

(D) Both convergent and conservative plate boundaries

4. Which one of the following is a secondary phenomenon during an earthquake?

(A) Fault scarp

(B) Terrace offset

(C) Liquefaction

(D) All of these

5. Which of the following is not categorised under the Himalayan earthquake?

(A) Uttarkashi Earthquake

(B) Kangra Earthquake

(D) Bhuj Earthquake

6. Along which active fault the Trans-Alaska pipeline was survived during an earthquake?

(A) Denali fault

(B) Himalayan frontal thrust

(D) None of these

7. In which tectonic environment, you can find the surface expression in the form of folding?

(A) Extensional

(B) Compressional

(D) All of these

8. In which type of the fault the hanging wall is moving up with respect to foot wall?

(A) Normal fault

(B) Strike slip fault

(C) Reverse fault

(D) None of these

9. _______ is the angle of a fault plane w.r.t. vertical.

(A) Hade

(B) Throw

(D) Dip

10. Surface along which the block of rock slip is called _____?

(A) Fault zone

(B) Fault Plane

(D) None of these

11. Now India is divided into ____________ seismic zones.

(A) 5

(B) 3

(D) 4

12. The San Andreas Fault is an example of:

(A) Normal fault

(B) Reverse fault

(C) Right lateral strike slip

(D) Left lateral strike slip

13. Point on fault plane where slip initiated is termed as:

(A) Epicenter

(B) Hypocenter

(D) Hanging wall

14. 1995 Kobe earthquake was occurred in ________.

(A) Japan

(B) United States of America

(D) India

15. 2005 Muzaffarabad earthquake was occurred on _______ active fault.

(A) Kangra Active fault

(B) San Andreas fault

(D) Tanda Active fault

16. Sag pond is an example of :

(A) Normal fault

(B) Reverse fault

(C) Strike slip fault

(D) None of these

17. Which type of movement has been seen in right lateral strike-slip fault?

(A) Sinistral movement

(B) Dextral movement

(D) None of these

18. The displaced aqueduct of Al Harif is in between ________ and _________ plates.

(A) African plate and Arabian plate

(B) Indian plate and Eurasian plate

(D) None of these

19. The beds which have a gentle upstream dip will be_______ to the resultant force (R), hence can provides the best resistance to withstand the stresses or loads acting in the area.

(A) Parallel

(B) Perpendicular

20. Taksal fault is an example of:

(A) Normal fault

(B) Reverse fault

(C) Strike slip fault

(D) None of these

To read the Part 2 of this blog 👇👇👇

Link is in comment section

Source of information - NPTEL

Keywords# civil engineering # seismology # earth # earthquake # fault # science

🌧भूजल पुनर्भरण 🌧 Rain water harvesting 🌧

🌧भूजल पुनर्भरण 🌧 Rain water harvesting 🌧

मित्रांनो आपण सर्वांना माहीत आहेच की पाऊस हा सर्वात शुद्ध जलस्रोत आहे. परंतु पावसाचे पाणी ढगांतून जमिनीकडे प्रवास करताना त्याचे सूक्ष्म जलबिंदू भोवतालच्या हवेच्या संपर्कात येतात. या हवेत असलेले आणि पाण्यात सहजपणे विरघळणारे विविध प्रकारचे प्रदूषक वायू, धूलिकण या पावसाच्या पाण्यात मिसळतात. अंतिमत: हे पावसाचे पाणी घराच्या छपरावर किंवा गच्चीवर पडते तेव्हा त्यामध्ये पक्ष्यांची विष्ठा, धूळ आणि इतर कचरा मिसळतो. यामुळे हे पाणी अशुद्ध होते. हे पाहता, पावसाचे पाणी जलसंधारणाद्वारे वापरात आणण्यापूर्वी गाळणे आणि शुद्ध करणे आवश्यक असते._

_ते करण्यासाठी विविध पर्याय आहेत. हे पाणी कशासाठी वापरले जाणार आहे, त्यावर उपलब्ध पर्यायांपैकी कोणता पर्याय वापरावा हे ठरवता येते. जर पावसाचे पाणी शौचालयाच्या फ्लश टँक्ससाठी, वाहने धुण्यासाठी, बागेतील झाडांना घालण्यासाठी, अग्निशमन यंत्रणेसाठी आणि तत्सम दुय्यम गोष्टींसाठी वापरायचे असेल, तर साध्या वाळूच्या गाळण (Sand filter ) पद्धतीचा वापर करता येईल. परंतु हे पावसाचे पाणी आंघोळीसाठी, स्वयंपाकासाठी आणि अगदी पिण्यासाठीही वापरायचे असेल, तर हे पाणी वाळूच्या गाळणीतून (Sand filter ) प्रवाहित झाल्यानंतर ते कार्बन पावडर (अ‍ॅक्टिव्हेटेड चारकोल activated charcoal) अथवा जेलच्या गाळण यंत्रातून प्रवाहित करून पुढे अतिनील किरण (अल्ट्राव्हॉयोलेट रेज् U.V RAYS ) तसेच ‘रिव्हर्स ऑस्मोसिस’(Reverse osmosis)सारख्या तंत्रज्ञानाचा वापर करून अतिशुद्ध करण्यात येते. अशा प्रकारची गाळण यंत्रणा गच्चीवरील पाणी खाली वाहून नेणाऱ्या नळांमध्ये बसवता येते. याचा एक फायदा असा की, गच्चीवरून खाली वाहणाऱ्या पाण्याच्या स्तंभाच्या दबावामुळे गाळण प्रक्रिया वेगाने होऊ शकते. अनेकदा हे पाणी परत उलटे फिरवून गाळण माध्यमातून प्रवाहित केले जाते. यामुळे त्या गाळणीची भोके खुली राहतात._

🌱🌲पाणी, प्राणी, पक्षी आणि झाडे लावणे हा तुमचाही आवडीचा विषय असेल तर चला एकत्र येऊ निसर्ग फुलवू 🐈🌱🌳 निसर्गप्रेमींच्या परिवारातील सदस्य होण्यासाठी👇

Telegram वरून join होण्यासाठी खलील link वापरू शकता👍👍

https://t.me/ekmitraekvruksha

_शोष खड्डय़ांमध्ये (Soak pit)मात्र एवढी प्रगत गाळण यंत्रणा वापरण्याऐवजी विविध आकारांच्या दगड-गोटय़ांचे थर तयार करून त्यावर बारीक वाळूचा थर पसरविण्यात येतो. या शोष खड्डय़ाला जोडलेल्या नळाच्या टोकाला जाळी असतेच. या नळाद्वारे गुरुत्वाकर्षणाच्या उच्च दाबाखाली वाहून शोष खड्डय़ात आलेले पाणी या नैसर्गिक गाळण्यातून प्रवाहित होऊन जमिनीत मुरते आणि जमिनीच्या पाणीसाठय़ात भर घालते. परंतु जमिनीत मुरणारे हे पाणी सर्व प्रकारच्या प्रदूषकांपासून मुक्त असायला हवे. अन्यथा अशी प्रदूषके जमिनीखालील भूजलात मिसळून जातील आणि हे भूजल प्रदूषित होऊन निरुपयोगी ठरेल._

Telegram वरून join होण्यासाठी खलील link वापरू शकता👍👍

https://t.me/ekmitraekvruksha

(सध्या आपला हा परिवार इतका मोठा झालाय की whatapp वरून सर्वांना एकत्र आणणे possible नाहीये म्हणून कृपया telegram चा वापर करावा.)

🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳🌳

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#civil engineers # we convert dreams into reality.

Keywords- #Pollution # rain water # water harvesting # soak pit # sand # Filter# Civil # engineering # ultraviolet # Reverse # osmosis # charcoal#

Introduction to physics 📔Physics means?📔

So many my dear friends think that Physics, mathematics and other subjects are so much difficult and to learn this subject we need to do so many efforts, but it's not totally true any subject in education is very much simple you just need to OBSERVE THAT SUBJECT CLEARLY. You will find that subject like your daily playing games.

Here it is *Introduction to physics*

Science has many subjects like physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology, other subjects etc. Let us now understand the subject of 'Physics' through some daily activities. # physics subject #

Physics is something that happens but we can't see it. That is, we hear sound but cannot see sound waves, we see that magnets are attracted to each other but we cannot see that magnetic attraction. In physics we study the natural laws, like an apple falls to the ground and our great scientist see it and we find a discovery called gravity. I mean, we see the apple falling down but we don't see the force of gravity.

Some important points and their example are mentioned below. I hope you understand that easily. We see these example in our daily life.

You will get here # Scope and excitement of physics #

1) Physics teach us law of nature, if we observe natural activities then definitely we understand the physics. So we starts from our scheduled day. At the morning our alarm ringing and we listen this sounds ultimately we wake up at the early morning. So here main point is ' Sound ' which included into the physics subject. These sounds create some sound waves which we listen.

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2) So after, at the morning we go for make a tea, for that we boil water. When we observe that hot water creates steam or vapours. So here is main point is Heat. It is also the part of physics. Means heat was dissipated from the water in the form of vapour or steam. These steam we use in many places that is we use it for generating power (For example- electric power, etc) through turbines at a power stations.

3)So now the office time, we take a cars key and go outside. We pull the door of car and seat inside. So here we pull the door means we apply some force to pull the door. The main point is Force. Another example when the car's wheel rotates, their is grip between tyre and the road. That grip create some force, although we stop the car and it slips little bit means we feel some Friction that id also example of force. I hope all understood the force concept.

4) Now we work on the computer. Hence first of all we switch on the button. we give electricity to any device like at current situation we see our mobile / PC etc. It requires electricity , so the these electric or electronic devices are also works on principles of the physics i.e. Electrical Energy .

Hey it's evening coffee time, after sunset we switch on the light. The Light is also the part of physics , we see reflection / deflection of light. Yes it is physics.

So we see some point's i.e. Sound, Heat, Force, Friction, Electricity, Light .

Physics also includes magnetism, gravity, inertia, etc. I hope you all understand the above points which we experiences in our daily life.

_If you liked this blog, Give your review in comment box.

Keywords- #Physics # Scientist # science # Einstein# mathematics# engineering#

Labour productivity for different Items of construction work.

Hii engineers,

In this blog we are going to see, what is the labour productivity for different items of construction work.

First see labour productivity is the amount of work can be done by a worker in 8 working hours and this values are finalized by government authority.

The labour productivity can be vary according to location of site, site condition and various climatic conditions.

Let's start,

1. Excavation in foundation tranches in soft soil, lead up to 50m and lift up to 1.5m. [ 2.27 m3 / mazdoor ]

2. Excavation in foundation tranches in hard soil, lead up to 50m and lift up to 1.5m. [ 2.10 m3 / mazdoor ]

3. Excavation in soft and decomposed rock by blasting, lead up to 50m and lift up to 1.5m. [ 0.55 m3 / mazdoor ]

4. Sand filling in plinth, consolidating and dressing. [ 4.0 m3 / mazdoor ]

5. Single layer brick flat soling including ramming and dressing the bed etc. [ 9 sq. m / mazdoor ]

6.Lime concrete in foundation. [ 10 m3 / mason ]

7. Cement concrete. [ 5.0 m3 / mason ]

8. Cement concrete ( 1 : 2 : 4 ) for R.C.C work. [ 3.25 m3 / mason ]

9. Brickwork in foundation and plinth. [ 1.25 m3 / mason ]

10. Brickwork in super structure ground floor. [ 1.10 m3 / mason ]

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11. Half brickwork in partition wall. [ 7.0 sq.m / mason ]

12. Brickwork in plinth arch. [ 1.0 m3 / mason ]

13. Reinforced brickwork in slab. [ 1.0 m3 / mason ]

14. 2.5 cm thik D.P.C. cement concrete. [ 12.50 sq.m / mason ]

15. 2 cm thik D.P.C. cement mortar . [ 20 sq.m / mason ]

16. Random rubble masonry in foundation and plinth. [ 1.0 m3 / mason ]

17. Random rubble masonry in superstructure. [ 0.90 m3 / mason ].

18. Ashlar masonry in superstructure. [ 0.40 m3 / mason ].

19. Coursed rubble masonry in superstructure. [ 0.67 m3 / mason ].

20. Brick-on-edge floor with cement mortar. [ 1.0 sq.m / mason ]