🏠How to protect the building from chemical and environmental attack?🏗 Part 2

 Welcome back, friends.

                 As we have discussed in Part 1👉https://engineerpravinkadam.blogspot.com/2021/04/how-to-protect-building-from-chemical.html?m=1 of this blog about. How environment or Chemicals degrade the building,  Effects of chemical on building, How to protect the building from chemical attack? and we done General introduction about  the most. effective, economical and user friendly. Solution To protect the building from chemical attack that is AC- DUR- CT (S).

        We will discuss  more in details about this AC- DUR- CT CS) *Building chemicals* in this blog. 

So lets Go.

       It is Specially designed Coating having judicious blend of high quality. resin and inert fillers. It is recomended for protection of interior & exterior wooden, Concrete and metal surfaces from environmental and chemical attactk.

🤔Where AC-DUR-CT (S) is useable?

AC-DUR-CT (S) is universally acceptable for all types of Civil Engineering structures. It is ideally suitable for:👇👇👇

👉Underground concrete & bridge insulation coating.

👉Roof waterproofing & its maintenance.

👉Marine structure protection & water proofing. Car park, ramps & road marking.

👉Water purification & ETP plants.

👉Metal & wood protection.

( Labours applying solution coat to concrete)

👉Product is suitable for protection from environmental attacks, micro organisms, termites, pollution and heat.

👉It is useful for furnace area, structural protection, water insulation, ETP and other treatment plants, fuel spillage areas.

🤔How it is advantageous over another chemicals available in market?

The system has following advantages👇👇

👉Super sleep and shiny finish with special anti-fungal formula to provide protection from fungus.

👉Excellent gloss and gloss retention.

👉Excellent colour and colour retention.

👉Excellent flow characteristics to form smooth and uniform finish.

👉Excellent durability.

( Expers checking quality of workmanship # Quality control #)

👉Crack bridging & deep penetrating property.

👉Excellent water proofing & chemical resistance.

👉Excellent adhesion & flexibility.

🤔What is the Procedure for Application of this epoxy coating?

            Any construction material is useless until and unless it is use by proper way or apply in work by systematic way.

a) Surface preparation:

        Surface should be sound and free from contaminations such as loose particles, oils, fats, lubricants and laitance.

b) Mixing & Application:

        In stated proportion resin and hardener should be mixed uniformly. Normally two coats are recommended. The dry film thickness (DFT) should be approximately 80-100 microns per coat.

🤔What are the properties of this AC-DUR-CT (S) ?

Typical Properties

Name : AC-DUR-CT(S)

Form: Two component, ready to use

Colour: Pigmented to limited colours

Mixing Ratio: Resin : Hardener   (parts by                                                                   weight )                                                    ( 9:1 )

Coverage :  Approximately 4-5 m2/kg @ 80-150 micron (DFT)

             

         ( Checking of Dry film thickness )

Heat Resistance: 120°C for 30 minutes

Drying Time : 3-4 Hours @ 27°C

Pot Life: 4-5 hrs at 27°C

🤔Is this product (AC- DUR- CT (S)) approved by (BIS ) Indian standard ?

👉         AC- DUR- CT (S) 100% approved by Indian standard and this product confirms to 15-9862-1991 and IS-158-1981.

For multiple product like construction chemica and solutions to your questions must visit to 👉http://www.Applechemie.com

👉Also mention your comment about this blog in comment box.

👉Follow me to get auto notification of my latest upcoming blg. Using Blue button 👉👉👉

Keywords # construction # solutions # Chemical # sulfate # attack # civil # engineering # latest # technology # apple # water proofing # environment # Building chemicals. # 

🏠How to protect the building from chemical and environmental attack?🏗

 Welcome back friends, 

          If one question is blinking in your mind that is "Even after great technologies and experts are available Special care is being taken during construction activity then "why the structures get deteriorate?"

        If this question is blinking in your mind then you are on the right way of thinking as an  engineer and quality construction seeker.

       Most of the structural elements in the  vorious type of Construction activity loose their Strength due to environmental & chemical and environmental factors. In Simple word "Chemical and environmental attacks". 

Now you will ask How'?

         We all know that due to Industrialization various industries produces  huge amount of waste in the Gas, liquid and Solid form. This waste directly and  indirectly present in our environment and here the actual Chemical & environmental attack Starts.

         So many process are involved in the process of chemical attack but I will explain here basic concept of chemical attack that is crystalization.

         Chemicals like sulfate present in environment enter into concrete from pores or voids present in the surface of concrete and this chemical entrapped into internal voids .

         As the time passes this entrapped chemical starts preparing Crystal and this Crystal then develop pressure internally on concrete. As a result we see the cracks on the concrete and this process not happen only in concrete but also in various construction materials by the means of various chemicals and by various ways.

        In advance construction practice construction professionals use various surface treatment like chemical coating on surface of building elements to avoid this future unseen Risk of cracking in the structure.

      As a effective solution of this Chemical and environmental attack. We will discuss here about  Solvent based Coal epoxy Coating system.

It is popularly known as AC-DUR-CT ('s) 

It is two Component Solvent based Coal tar epoxy system. 

For details about this company 👇👇

http://www.Applechemie.com

It is Specially designed Coating having judicious blend of high quality. resin and inert fillers. It is recomended for protection of interior & exterior wooden, Concrete and metal surfaces from environmental and chemical attactk.

A detailed discussion we will do in 2nd part of this blog in which you will get all the details of this epoxy coating system and AC-DUR-CT (S).

Keywords # civil engineering# environment# chemical # attack# science # building # Protection # quality construction #

I am waiting for your response in comment box also follow me to get latest blogs easily...

MCQ in🌍🌋 Earthquake engineering 🌋Part 1

 Welcome back friends, Part 1

             As we all know that all the building structures are rest on Earth. For the safety and stability of the structure we need to have some knowledge about Earth and seismology. 

               Because of that I am here giving mcq questions and answers related to Earth science and seismograph. 👇👇👇

1.Which of the following is not categorised under geologic hazard?

(A) Tropical cyclone

(B) Earthquakes

(C) Volcano

(D) Floods

2. Which one is the 2nd large magnitude earthquake occurred during past 100 yrs?

(A) 2001, Bhuj earthquake

(B) 2004, Sumatra earthquake

(C) 2015, Nepal earthquake

(D) 2005, Kashmir earthquake

3. New Zealand is an example of

(A) Convergent plate boundary 

(B) Divergent plate boundary

(C) Conservative plate boundary

(D) Both convergent and conservative plate boundaries 

4. Which one of the following is a secondary phenomenon during an earthquake?

(A) Fault scarp

(B) Terrace offset

(C) Liquefaction

(D) All of these

5. Which of the following is not categorised under the Himalayan earthquake?

(A) Uttarkashi Earthquake 

(B) Kangra Earthquake 

(C) Gorkha Earthquake 

(D) Bhuj Earthquake 

6. Along which active fault the Trans-Alaska pipeline was survived during an earthquake?

(A) Denali fault

(B) Himalayan frontal thrust

(C) Alpine fault

(D) None of these

7. In which tectonic environment, you can find the surface expression in the form of folding?

(A) Extensional

(B) Compressional

(C) Strike slip 

(D) All of these

8. In which type of the fault the hanging wall is moving up with respect to foot wall?

(A) Normal fault

(B) Strike slip fault

(C) Reverse fault 

(D) None of these

9. _______ is the angle of a fault plane w.r.t. vertical.

(A) Hade

(B) Throw

(C) Heave

(D) Dip

10. Surface along which the block of rock slip is called _____?

(A) Fault zone

(B) Fault Plane

(C) Fault scarp

(D) None of these

11. Now India is divided into ____________ seismic zones.

(A) 5

(B) 3

(C) 6

(D) 4

12. The San Andreas Fault is an example of:

(A) Normal fault

(B) Reverse fault

(C) Right lateral strike slip 

(D) Left lateral strike slip 

13. Point on fault plane where slip initiated is termed as:

(A) Epicenter

(B) Hypocenter

(C) Fault scarp

(D) Hanging wall

14. 1995 Kobe earthquake was occurred in ________.

(A) Japan

(B) United States of America

(C) Taiwan 

(D) India

15. 2005 Muzaffarabad earthquake was occurred on _______ active fault.

(A) Kangra Active fault 

(B) San Andreas fault 

(C) Main Boundary thrust 

(D) Tanda Active fault

16. Sag pond is an example of :

(A) Normal fault

(B) Reverse fault

(C) Strike slip fault

(D) None of these

17. Which type of movement has been seen in right lateral strike-slip fault?

(A) Sinistral movement

(B) Dextral movement 

(C) Upward movement

(D) None of these

18. The displaced aqueduct of Al Harif is in between ________ and _________ plates.

(A) African plate and Arabian plate

(B) Indian plate and Eurasian plate

(C) African plate and Pacific plate

(D) None of these

19. The beds which have a gentle upstream dip will be_______ to the resultant force (R), hence can provides the best resistance to withstand the stresses or loads acting in the area.

(A) Parallel

(B) Perpendicular 

(C) None of these 

20. Taksal fault is an example of:

(A) Normal fault

(B) Reverse fault

(C) Strike slip fault

(D) None of these

To read the Part 2 of this blog 👇👇👇

Link is in comment section 

Source of information - NPTEL 

Keywords# civil engineering # seismology # earth # earthquake # fault # science

Labour productivity for different Items of construction work.

 Hii engineers, 

In this blog we are going to see, what is the labour productivity for different items of construction work.

First see labour productivity is the amount of work can be done by a worker in 8 working hours and this values are finalized by government authority.

The labour productivity can be vary according to location of site, site condition and various climatic conditions.

Let's start,

1. Excavation in foundation tranches in soft soil, lead up to 50m and lift up to 1.5m.                         [ 2.27 m3 / mazdoor ]

2. Excavation in foundation tranches in hard soil, lead up to 50m and lift up to 1.5m.                         [ 2.10 m3 / mazdoor ]

3. Excavation in soft and decomposed rock by blasting, lead up to 50m and lift up to 1.5m.         [ 0.55 m3 / mazdoor ]

4. Sand filling in plinth, consolidating and dressing.             [ 4.0 m3 / mazdoor ]

5. Single layer brick flat soling including ramming and dressing the bed etc.                        [ 9 sq. m / mazdoor ]

6.Lime concrete in foundation.                                [ 10 m3 / mason ] 

7. Cement concrete.   [ 5.0 m3 / mason ]

8. Cement concrete ( 1 : 2 : 4 ) for R.C.C work.     [ 3.25 m3 / mason ]

9. Brickwork in foundation and plinth.                   [ 1.25 m3 / mason ]

10. Brickwork in super structure ground floor.      [ 1.10 m3 / mason ]

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11. Half brickwork in partition wall.   [ 7.0 sq.m / mason ]

12. Brickwork in plinth arch.  [ 1.0 m3 / mason ]

13. Reinforced brickwork in slab.  [ 1.0 m3 / mason ]

14. 2.5 cm thik D.P.C. cement concrete.                   [ 12.50 sq.m / mason ]

15. 2 cm thik D.P.C. cement mortar .                      [ 20 sq.m / mason ]

16. Random rubble masonry in foundation and plinth.   [ 1.0 m3 / mason ]

17. Random rubble masonry in superstructure.   [ 0.90 m3 / mason ]. 

18. Ashlar masonry in superstructure.   [ 0.40 m3 / mason ].  

19.  Coursed rubble masonry in superstructure.   [ 0.67 m3 / mason ]. 

20. Brick-on-edge floor with cement mortar.              [ 1.0 sq.m / mason ]

permeability of soil

What is permeability? 

"   Permeability  is defined as the property of a porouse material which permits the passage of water or other fluids thorough it's interconnecting voids. "
         A material having the continuous voids  is called permeable. Gravels are highly permeable while stiff Clay is the least permeable, and hence such a Clay may be termed impermeable for all purpose.

Types of flow through soils =
1. Laminar flow .
2. Turbulent flow.
               In laminar flow , each fluid particle travels along a definite path which never crosses the path of any other particle .
               In turbulent  flow , the paths are irregular and twisting, crossing and recrossing of each particle is occures.

      Some important fields where permeability and seepage study is very essential . Out of which some are below.

1. In case of saturated compressible soil to determine the rate of settlement of foundation of any structural element.
2. To calculate the seepage of water through the body of Earth dam , and stability of slopes .
3. In calculation of uplift pressure under hydraulic structure and their safety against different water pressures .
4. Ground water flow towards open well and tube well and drainage of soil in diff conditions.

     
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# soil mechanics# # Civil engineering # permeability#